Şebnem İşigüzel’s novel İstanbullu Amazonlar 1809 presents an alternative history narrative through its fictional premise of Esma Sultan ascending the Ottoman throne. In the existing literature, the relationship between fiction and reality has generally been addressed in terms of truth value or representational distance, while the ontological status of fictional characters has remained relatively in the background. In order to fill this gap, the first section of the article discusses the ontological positions of fictional characters within the framework of Alexius Meinong’s “theory of objects”. In this context, although the character of Esma Sultan does not exist in the physical world as someone who ascended the Ottoman throne, she is treated as a “nonexistent object” in the Meinongian sense. Additionally, the “possible worlds model” developed by Saul Kripke enables Esma Sultan to be positioned as a “possible object”. This theoretical framework reveals the function of the novel’s alteration of historical reality. In the second section of the study, the premise upon which the novel is based -“what if a woman had ascended the Ottoman throne?”- is examined within the context of alternative history. Through a feminist rewriting, the novel reconstructs the historical narrative by placing the female subject at the center. While the actions of the characters subvert the established division between the public and private spheres, the ironic style of the work functions as an aesthetic counter-strategy against official historiography’s claim to objectivity. Thus the novel erodes patriarchal historical discourse at the levels of both content and form. In conclusion, by evaluating the novel along the axes of Meinongian ontology and alternative history, this study aims to offer a new perspective on the debates concerning the ontological status of fictional characters.